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南京航空航天大学学报

1999年4月 第31卷第2期

目 次

理论与试验研究

俯仰滚转耦合两自由度大振幅非定常实验技术 李志强 黄 达 史志伟 等(121)

基因算法在喷管反设计中的应用 隋洪涛 陈红全 唐智礼(127)

利用二、三维嵌套技术数值模拟复杂边界下的流场 王玲玲 金忠青(133)

基于空间相关函数的二维紊流场数值生成法〖HTK〗〖JY。〗陆宇平 胡亚海(139)

非确定结构系统区间分析的直接优化法 陈怀海(146)

缓进给断续磨削时射流冲击强化磨削弧区换热的实验研究 傅玉灿 孙方宏 徐鸿钧

(151)

一种有限环域裁剪多义线的算法及应用 董洪伟 唐 杰 张乐年 等(156)

复合材料拉伸剩余强度及其分布 顾 怡(164)

DS证据理论在多传感器数据融合中的应用 黄 瑛 陶云刚 周洁敏 等(172)

机场终端区着陆次序的排序规划算法 荀海波 徐肖豪 陈绪华(178)

一种直升机的组合智能飞行控制系统的设计 姜长生 郭树军 王丕宏 等(185)

一种面向对象的Petri网 李 秀 姜澄宇 王宁生 等(192)

综述

单层超硬磨料砂轮制造技术新发展 陈雪梅 傅玉灿 徐鸿钧(198)

摩擦作用下金属氧化反应的机理 李祥明 戴振东 刘德浚 等(204)

研究简报

进口速度分布对短突扩压器性能的影响 雷雨冰 赵坚行(209)

一种建筑物脉动风压测量系统 张庆利(214)

一种六维力传感器的新型布片和解耦方法 张为公(219)

(001)SiO２衬底上LiNbO３光波导薄膜的制备 徐国跃 郭新立 刘俊明(223)

TMS320C54X实现GSM语音编解码器 吴 琼 施 锐 陈 健(227)

射频仿真系统中多机系统的实时通信 李 俊 朱根才(232)

反射式动栅光纤传感器及应用 孙 欣 赵志敏 马军艳(239)

学术动态

南京航空航天大学两项专利成果正在获得进一步推广应用(138)

国内外著名检索期刊收录《南京航空航天大学学报》(中、英文版)文摘情况(163)

“用型内处理法制备复合结构和复合材料的实用化工艺研究”通过鉴定(171)

《南京航空航天大学学报》(中、英文版)已经加入“中国机械信息网”(184)

南京航空航天大学“电动飞行仿真转台应用技术研究”通过鉴定(197)

“民航科技教育管理业务计算机支持系统”通过鉴定(203)

美国Ei Page One数据库收录《南京航空航天大学学报》情况(243)

英国INSPEC Database收录《南京航空航天大学学报》文摘情况[JY。](243)

美国《国际宇航文摘》(AIAA)给本刊主编发来Email(244)

江苏省将开展第三届期刊评优和质量评估分级活动(244)

JOURNAL OF NANJING UNIVERSITY OF AERONAUTICS ＆　ＡＳＴＲＯＮＡＵＴＩＣＳ

April １９９9 Ｖｏｌ．31　Ｎｏ．2

ＣＯＮＴＥＮＴＳ

ＴＨＥＯＲＥＴＩＣＡＬ　ＡＮＤ　ＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＡＬ　ＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨ

Test Technology of Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristic for a Model Oscillating

in Large Amplitude PitchingRolling Motion Li Zhiqiang， Huang Da， Shi Zhiwei

， et al(121)

Using Genetic Algorithms for Optimum Shape Design of Nozzle

Sui Hongtao， Chen Hongquan， Tang Zhili(127)

Simulation of Flow Field of Complicated Boundary by Using 2D3D C

ombining Turbulent ModelWang Lingling， Jin Zhongqing(133)

Digital Generation of TwoDimensional Field of Turbulence Based on Spatia

l Correlation FunctionLu Yuping， Hu Yahai(139)

Direct Optimization Method of Uncertain Structural Systems Using Interval

AnalysisChen Huaihai(146)

Experimental Research on Enhancing Heat Transfer in Grinding Contact Zone

with Jet Impinging During Intermittent Creep Feed Grinding

Fu Yucan， Sun Fanghong， Xu Hongjun(151)

An Algorithm and Its Application for Polyline Clipping Based on FiniteLo

op Domain Dong Hongwei， Tang Jie， Zhang Lenian， et al(156)

A Model of Tensile Residual Strength of FRP and Its Distribution

Gu Yi(164)

Implementation of DS Evidential Theory in Multisensor Data Fusion Sy

stem Huang Ying， Tao Yungang， Zhou Jiemin， et al(172)

Analysis of Sequencing Algorithms for Arrival Traffic in Terminal Area

Xun Haibo， Xu Xiaohao，Chen Xuhua(178)

Design and Simulation of a New Combinative Intelligence Flight Control Sy

stem of Advanced Helicopter with Weapon

Jiang Changsheng， Guo Shujun, Wang Pihong, et al(185)

An Approach to the ObjectOriented Petri Net

Li Xiu， Jiang Chengyu， Wang Ningsheng， et al(192)

SUMMARIZATION

New Development of Manufacturing Technology for Monolayer Superabrasive

Grinding WheelChen Xuemei， Fu Yucan， Xu Hongjun(198)

A Discussion on Oxidation of Metals under Tribological Conditions

Li Xiangming， Dai Zhendong， Liu Dejun， et al(204)

RESEARCH BULLETINS

Influence of Inlet Velocity Distribution on DumpDiffuser Performance Lei Yubin

g， Zhao Jianxing(209)

Ａ　New Fluctuating Pressure Measurement System for Building and Its Appli

cations Ｚｈａｎｇ　Ｑｉｎｇｌｉ(214)

A New Distributing and Decoupling Method of SixDegreeofFreedom Force

SensorsZhang Weigong(219)

Preparation of LiNbO３ Optical Waveguide Films on (001) SiO２ Substrat

e Xu Guoyue， Guo Xinli, Liu Junming(223)

Implementation of GSM Speech Codec on TMS320C54X Wu Qiong， Shi Rui， Chen Jian(

227)

RealTime Communication of Multicomputer Systems in Radio Frequency S

imulation SystemLi Jun， Zhu Gencai(232)

Reflectively Moved Grating Optical Fiber Sensor and Its Application

Sun Xin， Zhao Zhimin， Ma Junyan(239)

　

俯仰滚转耦合两自由度大振幅非定常实验技术

李志强 黄 达 史志伟 吴根兴

(南京航空航天大学空气动力学系 南京，210016)

摘要 主要介绍了一套用于3 m低速风洞的俯仰滚转两自由度大

振幅非定常实验系统。该系统由三大部分组成：俯仰滚转两自由度的模型动态支撑机构；

俯仰滚转两自由度电控液压系统；数据采集与处理软件系统。该系统可以在风洞中真实模

拟飞行器姿态变化，并测量其相应的六分量非定常气动力变化。为飞行器的飞行力学动态性

能分析或飞行模拟器提供非定常气动力数据。另外，用三角翼在3 m风洞进行了多种运动状

态的非定常气动力特性测量，结果真实地反映了大迎角与大滚转角时三角翼的非定常气动特

性。

关键词：俯仰；滚转；大振幅；非定常空气动力；风洞试验

中图分类号：V212

Test Technology of Unsteady Aerodynamic Charact

eristic for a Model Oscillating in LargeAmplitude PitchingRolling Motion

Li Zhiqiang Huang Da Shi Zhiwei Wu Genxing

(Department of Aerodynamics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics N

anjing,210016)

Abstract The test system in unsteady wind tunnel for modelling p

itchingrolling motion with large amplitude is introduced, and this system is b

uilt in 3 m low speed wind tunnel in Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astrona

utics, and it includes three parts: dynamic mount of pitchingrolling unst

eady rig model; electroniccontrol servova

lve system for pitchingrolling motion; data acquisition and processing softwa

re. This system can be used to simulate the real status change of the aircraft i

n the wind tunnel and to measure six components of unsteady aerodynamics for fli

ght dynamics analysis and flight simulation. The unsteady aerodynamic characteri

stics of a delta wing in this system are tested and the results indicate the aer

odynamic characteristics of the delta wing oscillating in large amplitude pitch

ingrolling motion.

Key words: pitch; rolling; large amplitude; unsteady aerodynamic; wind tunnel te

st

　

　

　

基因算法在喷管反设计中的应用

隋洪涛 陈红全 唐智礼

(南京航空航天大学空气动力学系 南京，210016)

摘要 在气动优化设计中引进了基于达尔文的自然选择机制和

生物遗传机制的基因算法，构造了相应的基因变异等算子。针对喷管气动外形的特点提出了

与之相适应的Bézier曲线基因表达，把算法搜索空间缩小为由有限参数曲线控制点构成的

子空间，从而加快了算法收敛速度。并与全位势方程求解程序相结合，提出了具体的供优化

设计的适应函数，研制了二维气动反设计计算程序，进行了二维喷管反设计数值实验。结果

表明，本文构造的方法是可行的，而且具有全局优化和鲁棒性强等特点。

关键词：最优设计；基因算法；全位势方程

中图分类号：V211.41

Using Genetic Algorithms for Optimum Shape Design of Nozzle

Sui Hongtao Chen Hongquan Tang Zhili

(Department of Aerodynamics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astr

onautics Nanjing, 210016)

Abstract Applys Genetic Algorithms (GAs), based on the mechanics of natural sel

ection and gene

tics to the optimization of aerodynamic design. The genetic operators are constr

ucted. Bézier curve representation is proposed based on the features of the ae

rodynamic shapes and the principle of genetic algorithms. Bézier curve represen

tation can reduce the searching scope of GAs because it needs only small control

po

ints to describe an aerodynamic shape. The fitness function is defined based on

the solution of full potential equation. A twodimensional program for the opti

mization of aerodynamic design is developed. Then the method is applied to nozzl

e reconstruction. The numerical experiments are carried out for the design of 2

D aerodynamic nozzle. The results show that the method is feasible and has the

abil

ity to obtain the approximate optimum shape within finite genetic generations.

Key words: optimum design; genetic algorithms; full potential equation

　

　

　

　

利用二、三维嵌套技术数值模拟复杂边界下的流场

王玲玲 金忠青

(河海大学水电学院 南京，210024)

摘要 通过数值模拟复杂几何区域和边界条件下二、三维嵌套

紊流模型，获得了计算区域内任意一点的流场信息。这一方法克服了常规的单纯模拟二维或

三维紊流控制方程组而无法获得准确的自由表面和三维紊流场的缺点，通过两者有机的结合

，并采用动边界处理等先进的计算技术，得出了精度更高、更为合理的紊流场。该方法曾被

用于三峡工程大江截流完成之后导流明渠通航的流场模拟中，计算结果合理可信，部分成果

的精度也已得到了实测资料的验证，成果为导流明渠通航路线的选择提供了依据。

关键词：紊流；建立模型；NS方程；正交曲线网格；浅水方程中图

分类号：TV131.21；TV131.4

Simulation of Flow Field of Complicated Boundary by Using 2D3D Combining Turb

ulent Model

Wang Lingling Jin Zhongqing

(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University Nan

jing，210098)

Abstract A 2D3D combining turbulent model of the complicated b

oundary is developed, in which some new techniques are used to han

dle the moving

boundary. The important hydraulic parameters of flow field at any points in the

calculating domain can be obtained by this model. The results given by this m

odel are more reasonable than that by traditional models and it has better capac

ity o

f prediction. In the traditional models, some parameters such as pressure canno

t be obtained in 2D simulation and exact free water surface is difficult to be o

btained in 3D simulation, since 2D and 3D turbulent flow fields are simulated se

parately. The model has been used to simulate the flow field of the diversion op

en channel of THREEGORGE PROJECT. The numerical results are verified

by the actual measurement and adopted by the construction authority in choosing

the navigation route of the diversion open channel.

Key words: turbulence；model building; NevierStokes equation； orthogonal curv

ilinear meshes； shallow water equation

　

　

　

　

　

基于空间相关函数的二维紊流场数值生成法

陆宇平 胡亚海

(南京航空航天大学自动控制系 南京，210016)

摘要 大气紊流是复杂的扰动形式，影响飞行品质、飞行安全

。对于复杂的飞行任务，有必要生成二维紊流场模型，从而更准确地反映扰动情况。传统方

法是以时间频谱为基础，利用谱分解定理得到所需的成形滤波器结构，进而生成紊流递归模

型。这种方法需要经过对模型进行简化，以便利用谱分解定理，使仿真模型的统计特性受到

影响；另外，从理论上讲，传统方法只能生成一维大气紊流递归模型。本文直接从空间相关

函数入手，提出建立离散自递归模型的新方法，给出了二维紊流场的递归模型。

关键词：飞行模拟；大气紊流；相关函数；自递归；数值仿真

中图分类号：V2491229

Digital Generation of TwoDimensional Field of Turbulence Based on Spatial Corr

elation Function

Lu Yuping Hu Yahai

(Department of Automatic Control,Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautic

s Nanjing,210016)

Abstract The atmospheric turbulence is a kind of complicated dis

turbance, which influences flight quality and flight safety. It is necessary t

o build twodimensional turbulence model for the complex flight mission, thereb

y describing the true situation. The conventional method is to obtain the struct

ure of the shaping filter by using decomposing theorem based on timerelated fr

equency spectrum. There are two shortcomings in the method. Firstly, the spectru

m decomposing needs simplification. Secondly, it cannot be extended to twodim

ensional case in nature. This paper proposes a new method to build the discrete

selfr

ecursive model by using the spacerelated function and deduces a recursive mod

el of twodimensional turbulence. The comparison of the two methods in onedim

ensional case is also provided.

Key words： flight simulation； atmospheric turbulence； correlation function；

selfrecursive； numerical simulation

　

　

　

　

非确定结构系统区间分析的直接优化法

陈怀海

(南京航空航天大学振动工程研究所 南京，210016)

摘要 工程中的非确定性问题可以用区间分析、随机理论或模

糊集理论进行求解。本文采用区间分析法来处理结构静力分析和设计中的不确定性问题。将

结构系统中的不确定性参数用区间数来表示，用有限元法建立系统的控制方程。该控制方程

是线性区间方程组。本文讨论了一些求解区间线性方程组的方法并提出了一种直接优化法。

将方程组中的所有区间数都作为设计变量，区间量的变化区间作为相应的设计变量的边界约

束，运用约束优化法求出方程组解的各元素的最大值和最小值。文中给出了两个算例，列出

了本文算法与其他算法的结果比较。

关键词：结构设计；区间分析；不确定性结构系统；最优化算法；有限元法

中图分类号：O242.29；O342

Direct Optimization Method of Uncertain Structural Systems Using Interval Analys

is

Chen Huaihai

(Research Institute of Vibration Engineering， Nanjing University of Aeronautics

& Astronautics Nanjing, 210016)

Abstract The uncertain problems in engineering can be solved by using interval,

probabilistic or fuzzy theories. Interval analysis is used to model the uncerta

inty in the static structural analysis and design.

By representing the uncertain parameters as interval numbers, the governed equa

tio

ns of the structural system are obtained by means of the finite element method.

These equations are interval linear equations. Some solution methods are discuss

ed and a direct optimization method is presented. Taking all the interval number

s in the equations as optimal design variables and representing the lower and th

e upper bounds of each interval number as the boundary constrain of the variable

respectively, the maximum and the minimum of various components of the solution

are achieved by using the constrained optimization method. Two examples are pre

sen

ted to illustrate the computational aspects of the direct optimization method an

d other methods.

Key words: structural design； interval analysis； uncertain structural systems

； optimization algorithms； finite element method

　

　

　

　

缓进给断续磨削时射流冲击强化磨削弧区换热的实验研究

傅玉灿 孙方宏 徐鸿钧

(南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016)

摘要 在缓进给磨削时烧伤机理分析的基础上，提出了高压

射流冲击强化磨削弧区换热的创新构想，并通过缓进给断续磨削时施加侧向射流冲击弧区的

磨削实验研究其换热效果。实验结果表明，射流冲击强化换热技术确是提高弧区换热效率的

有效方法，且射流速度越高，换热效果越好。该研究将在解决难加工材料磨削烧伤领域具有

广阔的应用前景。

关键词：烧伤；断续磨削；强化换热；射流冲击

中图分类号：TG74

Experimental Research on Enhancing Heat Transfer in Grinding Contact Zone with

Jet Impinging During Intermittent Creep Feed Grinding

Fu Yucan Sun Fanghong Xu Hongjun

(Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astro

nautics Nanjing,210016)

Abstract A new method of enhancing heat transfer in grinding con

tact zone with jet impinging is presented on the basis of analysis on the mec

hanism of workpiece burn in creep feed grinding. The effect of heat transfer is

studied through the grinding experiment of jet flank impinging on grinding conta

ct zone during intermittent creep feed grinding. Experimental results show that

the technology of enhancing heat transfer of through jet impinging is a effectiv

e method for raising heat transfer rate in grinding contact zone, and the more h

i

gher jet velocity, the better effect of heat transfer. It will be widely used

to solve the problems of grinding burn of difficulttomachining materials.

　

Key words: burn; intermittent creep feed grinding; enhancing heat transfer; jet

impinging

　

　

　

　

一种有限环域裁剪多义线的算法及应用

董洪伟 唐 杰 张乐年 周来水 周儒荣

(南京航空航天大学CAD/CAM工程中心 南京，210016)

摘要 提出了一种有限环域裁剪多义线的算法。文章首先介绍

了基本概念和算法设计。该算法通过多义线与诸环求交，在求交过程中利用局部法判别有效

交点，从而确定出多义线位于有限环域内的有效部分。该算法对重边和重点情形给出了简单

、直观的处理方法，从而可靠地解决了裁剪过程中可能遇到的重边和重点问题。文章还给出

了一个由内、外环组成的有限环域裁剪一条多义线的实例。最后，文章还介绍了该算法在两

张裁剪曲面的求交算法及过渡算法中的应用。该算法已在微机上实现并测试通过，并已利用

该算法实现了裁剪NURBS曲面的求交及过渡算法。

关键词：计算机辅助设计；多义线；裁剪；有限环域；曲面求交；曲面过渡

中图分类号：TP391

An Algorithm and Its Application for Polyline Clipping Based on FiniteLoop Dom

ain

Dong Hongwei Tang Jie Zhang Lenian Zhou Laishui Zhou Rurong

(Research Center of CAD/CAM Engineering， Nanjing University of Aeronautics & As

tronautics Nanjing, 210016)

　

Abstract Presents an algorithm for polyline clipping based on a

multiply connected domain formed by finite loops. Some basic concepts and algori

thm are explained first. With local method, the effective intersection points(in

points or outpoints)of the directed polyline intersected with all loops are

determined. The major advantage of the algorithm is to give a simple and reliabl

e method for treating the overlapedge and multipoint problems. Furthermore,

an

example of polyline clipping based on a multiply connected domain formed by fin

ite loops is presented. Finally this paper introduces the utilization of the alg

o

rithm in surface intersecting and surface filleting. The algorithm has been impl

emented in computer, and applied to NURBS surface intersecting and sur

face filleting. Experimental results show that it can be used in all kinds of

situations.

Key words： computer aided design; polyline； clipping； finiteloopdomain；

　surface intersecting; surface blending

　

　

　

　

　

复合材料拉伸剩余强度及其分布

顾 怡

(南京航空航天大学民航学院 南京，210016)

摘要 复合材料剩余强度是强度退化疲劳寿命预测模型的基础

，本文研究了连续纤维树脂基复合材料(FRP)的剩余强度随疲劳载荷加载次数退化的规律，

按照FRP疲劳损伤的产生和发展的规律，提出了一个FRP剩余强度退化的模型，并得到了大量

的实验结果的支持。在此基础上提出了一个复合材料剩余强度退化的统计模型：在寿命的初

始，剩余强度即为静强度，服从Weibull分布；在寿命结束时，即为疲劳强度，服从Weibull

分布；在不同时刻剩余强度也服从Weibull分布，且其方差随加载次数线性变化。

关键词：复合材料；剩余强度；疲劳；Weibull分布；纤维树脂基材料

中图分类号：TB323; TB114

A Model of Tensile Residual Strength of FRP and Its Distribution

Gu Yi

(Civil Aviation College,Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanjin

g,210016)

Abstract The residual strength is the basis of the strengthbas

ed wearout models for predicting the fatigue life of composite structures subjec

ted to fatigue loading. It is known that the residual strength is a monotonical

ly decreasing function of the number of loading cycles, and the loss of the stre

ngth follows the damage development. In this paper, the degradation rule of fib

rereinforced plastics (FRP) is studied based on the development of the damage

in the FRP under cyclic loading and a model to describe the degradation of tensi

le residual strength of FRP is presented. Large amounts of experimental data ha

ve been employed to support this model and the comparison between prediction and

experiment demonstrates that this model has better capacity of predicting the d

egradation of tensile residual strength. On the basis of this model, the statis

tical model of tensile residual strength of FRP is developed, in which the distr

ibution of the residual strength is presumed to follow Weibull function, whose d

eviation changes linearly from the one of ultimate strength to that of fatigue s

trength.

Key words: residual strength； fatigue； Weibull distribution; composite materi

als

　

　

　

DS证据理论在多传感器数据融合中的应用

黄 瑛 陶云刚 周洁敏 苏登军

(南京航空航天大学测试工程系 南京，210016)

摘要 近年来，许多领域都在进行多传感器数据融合技术的研

究。多传感器数据的属性融合有很多算法，最常用的算法是贝叶斯决策检验法，国际上已提

出将证据理论用于数据融合，但在这方面的理论基础还不完善。本文研究了证据理论在多传

感器数据融合中的应用。DempsterShafer方法是对Bayes决策检验法的推广，证据理论比

概率论满足更弱的公理系统，并且在区分不确定与不知及精确反映证据收集过程等方面显示

了很大的灵活性。文中阐述了DS证据理论的数学性质，给出了可信度公理及DS综合规则

，并进行了计算机仿真实验，实验结果说明这种判决方法非常实用，用于数据融合算法非常

有效。

关键词：传感器；数据融合；属性融合；DS证据理论；DS综合规则

中图分类号：V24715；V249121

Implementation of DS Evidential Theory in Multisensor Data Fusion System

Huang Ying Tao Yungang Zhou Jiemin Su Dengjun

(Department of Measurement and Testing Engineering, Nanjing University of Aerona

utics & Astronautics Nanjing， 210016)

Abstract In recent years, numerous multisensor data fusion syste

ms have been developed for wide applications. There are many algorithms in multi

sensor data attribute fusion. This paper describes the main features of the evid

ential combination algorithm implemented in our research. In t

he Bayesian approach, this theory supports the representation of uncertain infor

mation and provides a technique for combining it. The DS technique does not re

quire prior probabilities nor does it need to know the capability of each source

. The technique actually focuses on the probability of a collection of points be

longing to the sample space, whereas the classical probability theory is interes

ted in the probability of the individual points. A digital simulation has been d

one to demonstrate the capability of the attribute fusion algorithm.

Key words： sensors； data fusion； attribute fusion； DempsterShafer evidenti

al theory；DempsterShafer combining rule

　

　

　

　

机场终端区着陆次序的排序规划算法

荀海波

(南京航空航天大学民航学院 南京，210016)

徐肖豪

(中国民航学院航行系 天津，300300)

陈绪华

(中国空中交通管理局 北京，100021)

摘要 讨论了机场终端区飞机到达流的排序规划问题。为了能

够在终端区交通繁忙的情况下高效地为到达的飞机流安排合理的着陆次序，并在不违反飞机

间距要求

的情况下给出各飞机经过优化的着陆时间，提高机场跑道的利用率，提出了经过改进的先来

先服务、带有时间提前量、带有约束的位置偏移三种排序算法。当进入机场终端区的飞机数

量超过机场终端区的容量时，分航路对飞机排队并对飞机间的距离进行限制。

关键词：空中交通管制；排序；动态规划

中图分类号：V355.1；V355.2

Analysis of Sequencing Algorithms for Arrival Traffic in Terminal Area

Xun Haibo

(Civil Aviation College, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanji

ng,210016)

Xu Xiaohao

(Air Navigation Department, Civil Aviation Institute of China Tianjing,300300)

Chen Xuhua

(Air Traffic Management Bureau, General Administration of Civil Aviation of Chin

a Beijing,100021)

Abstract The sequencing algorithms for arrival traffic of airpor

t are discussed. The Modified FirstComeFirstServed algorithm, TimeAdva

nc

e algorithm and Constrained PositionShift algorithm are put forward to automat

ically plan the most efficient landing order, to assign optimal spaced landing

times to all arrivals without violate the spacing requirements for different typ

es of aircraft and to enhance the usage of the runway under heavy traffic condit

ion in the terminal area. Considering the actual situation in the airport, when

the traffic expected to arrive in the terminal area exceeds its capacity, we dev

eloped a MilesInTrail algorithm to restrict traffic in each stream.

Key words：air traffic control; sequencing; dynamic programming

　

　

　

　

一种直升机的组合智能飞行控制系统的设计

姜长生 郭树军

(南京航空航天大学自动控制系 南京，210016)

王丕宏 杨克明 孙隆和

（航空工业总公司613所 洛阳，471009）

摘要 讨论了模糊逻辑控制与神经网络相结合的一种控

制方法，给出了一种增益自适应调整的模糊控制方法和BP网络自适应变步长学习算法，前者

提高了系统对参数变化的适应能力，同时也提高了系统的控制精度，改善了系统品质，后者

缩短了网络的学习时间，有利于实时控制的实现。这两种方法成功地用于直升机飞控系统的

设计。同时，针对某型直升机用数字仿真证明了该方法的优点和良好效果。

关键词：智能控制;飞行控制;系统仿真

中图分类号：V247121；V249121；TP39175

Design and Simulation of a New Combinative Intelligence Flight Control System o

f Advanced Helicopter with Weapon

Jiang Changsheng Guo Shujun

(Department of Automatic Control, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronauti

cs Nanjing,210016)

Wang Pihong Yang Keming Sun Longhe

（613 Institute, Aviation of Industries of China Luoyang,471009）

Abstract A discussion is devoted to the intelligent control comb

ining fuzzy logical control with artificial neural networks. A new kind of the i

ntelligent control system is presented, which regulates the gain of fuzzy contro

l and the step length of learning algorithm of BP networks adaptively. The regul

ation of fuzzy control gain increases the adaptive ability for the parameters of

system as well as the precision, and improves the qualities of control system.

The regulation of the step length of the learning algorithm of BP networks short

ens learning time of the network. These benefit the realization of realtime co

ntrol. The method has been applied to design of a helicopter flight control

system. The digital simulation for the helicopter has been done and the results

demonstrate that the present method is advanced and useful.

Key words: intelligent control; flight control; system simulation

　

　

　

　

一种面向对象的Petri网

李 秀 姜澄宇 王宁生 冷 晟

(南京航空航天大学CIMS研究中心 南京，210016)

摘要 柔性制造系统属于离散事件动态系统，具有实时、并发、异步等特性，由于Petri网

模型的

图形表述和数学描述，使它既可以采用数学分析，又可以通过图形形象地表述出离散动态系

统，故广泛应用于制造过程动态行为建模与分析。而面向对象建模与设计是一种围绕真实世

界的概念来组织模型的全新的思考问题方式，面向对象的模型能帮助对问题的理解，有助于

同领域专家通讯交流。本文在Petri网基础上，引入面向对象技术，提出了一种面向对象Pet

ri网（OPN）模型，并以企业中的一项生产活动——二次电源生产过程为实例，建立了描述

这一活动系统的完整的OPN模型，真实地反映了系统的动态特性，从而为制造过程建模和分

析提供了一个更为有效的工具。

关键词：柔性制造系统；Petri网；面向对象方法

中图分类号：TH165

An Approach to the ObjectOriented Petri Net

Li Xiu Jiang Chengyu Wang Ningsheng Leng Sheng

(Research Centre of CIMS，Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanj

ing,210016)

Abstract Realtime flexible manufacturing system, which is conc

urrent and asynchronous in nature, belong to discrete event dynamic system (DEDS

)

. Petri Net have been widely used to model and analyse its dynamic behaviours

due to the characteristics of the graphical and mathematical analysis of the co

ntrol logic, which makes Petri Net（PN） possible to describe the DEDS both in m

a

thematical and graphical tools. The modeling and designing of Objectoriented（

OO）is a firenew mode of thinking to organize models about the concept of the tr

ue world. The modeling of OO（OOM）can help us to understand more clearly and to

communicate with experts in the same field more easily.By the introduction of O

O，a model for the Objectoriented Petri Net (OPN) is developed on the basis of

PN in this paper. As an example, a complete OPN model for describing productio

n of power supply in an enterprise is developed,　which can reflected the dynam

ic behaviors of the system more really，thus the more effective tool for modelli

ng and analyse of manufacturing process is provided.

Key words: flexible manufacturing system; Petri net; objectoriented method

　

　

　

　

　

单层超硬磨料砂轮制造技术新发展

陈雪梅 傅玉灿 徐鸿钧

(南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016)

摘要 概述了国外单层高温钎焊超硬磨料砂轮的工艺优势及主

要研究成果，这种新型超硬磨料砂轮以其卓越的磨削性能已在国内外磨削界引起了轰动，它

在今后逐步替代传统砂轮应是一种无法抗拒的必然趋势。鉴于它极其广阔的应用前景，

国内在推广应用超硬磨料砂轮时也必将大力引进开发此种单层钎焊砂轮。为使国内开发钎焊

砂轮有一个更高的起点，作者提出了关于开展这一领域研究的若干构

想和实施方案。

关键词：砂轮；单层；高温钎焊；超硬磨料

中图分类号：TG74;TG73

New Development of Manufacturing Technology for Monolayer Superabrasive Grindi

ng Wheel

Chen Xuemei Fu Yucan Xu Hongjun

(Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astro

nautics Nanjing,210016)

Abstract Introduces briefly the technological advanta

ges and primary investigation achievements of an external brazed monolayer super

abrasive grinding wheel, which has caused a sensation in the grinding fields abr

oad with it due to its excellent grindability. It must be an inevitable tendency

to replace the traditional electroplated grinding wheel in the future. Because

of the prospects in wide application of this grinding wheel, there can be no tur

ning back in introducing and developing this wheel in our country. Finally,

this paper proposes some conceptions and suggestions on how

to investigate and develop this new grinding wheel from a higher starting leve

l.

Key words： abrasive wheels； monolayer； brazed grinding wheel； superabrasive

　

　

　

　

　

摩擦作用下金属氧化反应的机理

李祥明１ 戴振东１ 刘德浚２ 刘贵龄３ 薛同博３ 姜澄宇１

(１ 南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016)

(２ 南京航空航天大学材料科学与工程系 南京，210016)

（３ 航空工业总公司航空动力研究所 株洲，412002)

摘要 某些金属在空气中摩擦时生成的润滑性氧化膜由于具

有低摩擦系数、高耐磨性和自修复等特点越来越受到关注。摩擦过程中氧化膜的生成速度

超过磨损速度是获得有效润滑的必要条件。摩擦氧化的动力学机制不同于热氧化，本文基于

致密氧化膜的抛物线生长模型研究了摩擦状况下的氧化膜生长规律，使之尽早获得推广应用

，具有广阔的市场前景。

关键词：摩擦；吸附；金属氧化物；扩散；活化能

中图分类号：TQ758.22

A Discussion on Oxidation of Metals under Tribological Conditions

Li Xiangming１ Dai Zhendong１ Liu Dejun２ Liu Guiling３ Xue Tongbo３ Jiang

Chengyu１

(1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & As

tronautics Nanjing, 210016)

(2 Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aerona

utics & Astronautics Nanjing, 210016)

　

(3 Institute of Aerodynamic Engineering, Aviation of Industries of China Zhuzh

ou,412002)

Abstract The oxide films generated under friction condition

are paid more and more attention to for its low friction coefficient, good wear

resistance and selfrepairing characteristics, and effective lubrication is bas

ed on

the fact that the growing rate of the oxide film is higher than its wearing rate

. The mechanism of tribooxidation is different from that of thermooxidation

in the dynamic aspect. It has great practical value to study the production r

ate of oxide under the f

riction condition for the application of the selfproducing lubricating oxides

in industries. This paper presents an primary analysis of the mechanism of enhan

cing oxidation rate caused by rubbing based on the parabolic growing law of comp

act oxide films.

Key words: friction; absorption; metal oxide; diffusion; activation energy

　

　

　

　

进口速度分布对短突扩压器性能的影响

雷雨冰 赵坚行

(南京航空航天大学动力工程系 南京，210016)

摘要 在任意曲线坐标系下，对环型燃烧室的三维流场进行了

数值计算，研究了四种不同的进口速度分布对扩压器性能的影响。计算结果表明，进口速度

大

小和方向都对扩压器性能有重要影响，进口速度分布均匀以及方向贴近扩压器壁面，有利于

提高扩压器的性能。计算中采用标准kε双方程紊流模型，采用控制容积法进行离散

，在非交错网格体系下用SIMPLE法求解。

关键词：扩压器；数值计算；非交错网格；压力分布；流动特性

中图分类号：V235213；O24182

Influence of Inlet Velocity Distribution on DumpDiffuser Performance

Lei Yubing Zhao Jianxing

(Department of Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronauti

cs Nanjing,210016)

Abstract The flow field of an annular combustor is

calculated in arbitrary curvilinear coordinates，in which the standard kε

turbulence model， the SIMPLE algorithm and a nonstaggered are employed. Th

e effect of the inlet velocity distribution on the performance of the dif

fuser is studied. Four kinds of the inlet velocity profiles are considered.The r

es

ults indicate that not only the magnitude of velocity but also the direction of

velocity has an important effect on the performance of the diffuser. Unified inl

et velocity and the direction of flow parallel with the wall of the diffuser may

improve the performance of the diffuser.

Key words： diffusers； numerical calculation； nonstaggered grids; pressure dis

tribution; flow characteristics

　

　

　

　

一种建筑物脉动风压测量系统

张庆利

(南京航空航天大学空气动力学系 南京，210016)

摘要 简要介绍了一种应用在建筑物模型风洞试验中测量脉动

风压的电子扫描系统。它是由原电子扫描测压系统PSI780B的传感器模块及其校正单元、与

多通道高速Ａ／Ｄ板、PC486微机和新设计的测压点选通接口组成。此外还使用毛细管限流

器改善脉动测压系统的频响，并以上海浦东某高层建筑模型的脉动风压试验为例，讨论了系

统的应用以及有关试验风速、采样时间与频率的选取，数据处理等实验技术问题。

关键词：风洞试验；脉动风压测量；电子扫描测压系统

中图分类号：TK312

Ａ　New Fluctuating Pressure Measurement System for Building and Its Application

s

Ｚｈａｎｇ　Ｑｉｎｇｌｉ

（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ　ｏｆ　Ａｅｒｏｄyｎａｍｉｃｓ， Ｎａｎｊｉｎ

ｇ　Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ　ｏｆ　Ａｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ &　Ａｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉ

ｃｓ Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ，２１００１６）

Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ Ａ　ｎｅｗ　ｆｌｕｃｔｕａｔｉｎｇ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｍｅａｓ

ｕｒｅｍｅｎｔ　ｓｙｓｔｅｍ　is　ｄｅｖｅｌ

ｏｐｅｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｗｉｎｄ　ｔｕｎｎｅｌ　ｔｅｓｔｓ　ｏｆ　ｂｕｉｌｄｉｎｇ　ｍ

ｏｄｅｌｓ．　Ｔｈｉｓ　ｓｙｓｔｅｍ　ｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｓｃａ

ｎｎｅｒ　ｍｏｄｕｌｅｓ　ａｎｄ　ａ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｃａｌｉｂｒａｔｉｏｎ　

ｕｎｉｔ　ｏｆ　ａｎ　ｏｒｉｇｉｎａｌ　ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎiｃａｌｌｙ　ｓｃａｎｎ

ｉ

ｎｇ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔ　ｓｙｓｔｅｍ（ＰＳＩ　７８０Ｂ）

，　ａ　ｍｕｌｔｉｃｈａｎｎｅｌ　Ａ／Ｄ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｔｅｒ，　ａ　ｐｅｒｓｏ

ｎａｌ　ｍｉｎｉｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ　（ＰＣ　４８６）　ａｎｄ　ａ　ｎｅｗ　ｄｅｓｉ

ｇｎｅｄ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅｘｅｒ　ｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅ．　Ｔｈｅ

　ｒｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｏｒ　ｍｅｔｈｏｄ　iｓ　ｕｓｅｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｉ

ｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎ　ｃａｕｓｅｄ　ｂｙ　ＰＣＶ

　ｔｕｂｓ　ａｎｄ　ｉｍｐｒｏｖｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ　ｒｅｓｐｏｎ

ｓｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｒｅｓｕｒｅ　ｍｅａｓｕｒｉｎｇ　ｓｙｓｔｅｍ．Ｔｈｅ　ｐ

ｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔ　sｙｓｔｅｍ　iｓ　used　ｔｏ　ｍｅａｓｕ

ｒｅ　ｆｌｕｃｔｕａｔｉｎｇ　ｗｉｎｄ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｓ　ｏｎ　

ａ　ｔａｌｌ　ｂｕｉｌｄｉｎｇ　ｍｏｄｅｌ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｔｅｓｔ　ｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ

，ｓａｍｐｌｉｎｇ　ｔｉｍｅ　ａｎｄ　ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ　ｏｎ　ｄｙｎａｍｉｃ　

ｗｉｎｄ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｔｅｓｔｓ　ａｒｅ　ａｌｓｏ　ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ．

Key words: 　ｗｉｎｄ　ｔｕｎｎｅｌ　ｔｅｓｔs； ｆｌｕｃｔｕａ

ｔｉｎｇ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔ；ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃａｌｌｙ

　ｓｃａｎｎｉｎｇ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔ　ｓｙｓｔｅｍ

　

　

　

　

　

　

一种六维力传感器的新型布片和解耦方法

张为公

(东南大学仪器科学与工程系 南京，210096)

摘要 提出一种新型的六维力传感器的应变片布片和解耦方案,

利用简单的轮幅式结构,采用二向应力片的原理,构成直接输出型六维力传感器。采用该种吊

法和组桥方式，很好地解决了六维力传感器弹性体结构设计和应变片布片、组桥之间的矛盾

，具有结构简单,直接解耦,易于标定和低成本的优点。

关键词：传感器；多分力；解耦；应力片

中图分类号：TP212

A New Distributing and Decoupling Method of SixDegreeofFreedom Force Senso

rs

Zhang Weigong

(Department of Instrument Science and Technology, Southeast Universit

y Nanjing，210096)

Abstract A new scheme of sixdegreeoffreedom (6DOF) force

strain gauge′s of sensor distributing and decoupling is provided. The sensor u

ses a simple structure of spoke and the theory of twodegree foil

stress. It has the advantages of simple structure, decoupling directly, standar

dizing easily, low cost and so on.

Key words: sensors; multidimension; decoupling； foil stress

　

　

　

　

　

(001)SiO２衬底上LiNbO３光波导薄膜的制备

徐国跃 郭新立

(南京航空航天大学材料科学与工程系 南京，210016)

刘俊明(南京大学物理系 南京，210093)

摘要 采用脉冲激光淀积技术，在(001)取向的SiO２衬底上

制备了LiNbO３薄膜。为了防止淀积过程缺氧，往淀积腔内充入10~15 Pa的流动氧气，淀

积速度0.3~1.0 nm/min,淀积时间1 h，淀积结束后，充入0.6 Pa的氧气，在650℃保温0.5 h

。采用x射线衍射和扫描电镜对LiNbO３薄膜的微观结构及表面形貌进行了检测。结果表明

：LiNbO３薄膜具有(012)，(024)典型的LiNbO３粉末晶体衍射峰，薄膜成分晶体

结构比较纯净，而且薄膜表面光滑。利用棱镜耦合法将波长为0.638 μｍ的激光束耦合

到Li

NbO３薄膜中，观察到LiNbO３薄膜具有较好的光波导性能，可望应用于非线性光学器件

。关键词：脉冲激光器；光波导；淀积；光波导薄膜；LiNbO３(

LN)

中图分类号：O4827；O484

Preparation of LiNbO３ Optical Waveguide Films on (001) SiO２ Substrate

Xu Guoyue Guo Xinli

(Department of Material Science and Engineering, Na

njing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanjing,210016)

Liu Junming

(Department of Physics, Nanjing University Nanjing,210093)

Abstract By use of the technique of pulsed laser deposition, the

LiNbO３ films are prepared on (001) oriented SiO２ substrate. To prevent o

xygen deficiency during the deposition, 10~15 Pa flowing oxygen is injected int

o the deposition cavity. The deposition holds for 1 h with the rate of 0.3~1.0

nm/min, then the film is keeped in 0.6 atmospher oxygen is required for 0.5 h a

t 650℃. Microstructure and surface morphology of LN films are tested by the X

ray diffraction and scanning electorn microscope. The results show that the L

N films on (001) oriented SiO２ substrate have the typical (012), (024) diffra

ction peaks of LiNbO３powder crystal and smooth surface, which means LN films

are pure in compositions and crystal structure. Good optical waveguide property

of LN films is observed by use of the prism coupled method through coupling las

er beam of 0.638 μｍ wavelength with LN filem. It is expected to be used in the

nonlinear optical device.

Key words: pulsed lasers deposition; optical waveguides; opti

cal waveguide film; LiNbO３(LN)　

TMS320C54X实现GSM语音编解码器

吴 琼 施 锐 陈 健

(上海交通大学数字信号处理研究所 上海，200030)

摘要 GSM系统的全称是泛欧数字蜂窝移动通信系统。它在世界

三大移动通信系统（美国的ADC系统，日本的PDC系统）中应用的国家和地区最广，其中包括

我国。GSM采用了低码率、低运算量的规则脉冲激励长时线性预测编码（RPELTP）。本

文在简要介绍了RPELTP编码算法后，着重讨论了这种算法在定点数字信号处理芯片TMS320

C54X上实现的软、硬件设计和实现中的一些关键技术，并给出了实验结果。

关键词：语音编码；脉冲通信系统；数字信号处理；定点；滤波器

中图分类号：TN912；TN911

Implementation of GSM Speech Codec on TMS320C54X

Wu Qiong Shi Rui Chen Jian

(DSP Research Center of Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai， 2000

30)

Abstract GSM represents PanEuropean digital mobile radio sys

tem. The most famous mobile radio systems of the world(ADC from America, PD

C from Japan), are widely used, including in China. GSM uses 13kbit/s regu

lar pulse excitationlong term prediction (RPELTP)linear predictive coder.

In this paper, the algorithm of RPELTP is briefly reviewed at first, then so

me key techniques for the realtime implementation of RPELTP based on TMS320C

54X chip are introduced in detail, and finally experimental results are presente

d.Key words: voice coding; pulse communication systems; DSP

； fixpoint； filter

　

　

　

　

射频仿真系统中多机系统的实时通信

李 俊

(中国航天工业总公司第三研究院三部 北京，100074)

〖HT4F〗朱根才

(南京航空航天大学计算机科学与工程系 南京，210016)

摘要 射频仿真系统(RFSS)主要是用在实验室里模拟空中射

频目标信号。本文提出并实现了一种应用于RFSS的多机实时通讯系统。该系统基于自行设计

的异步并行通讯卡，采用树型分级拓扑结构，并开发了相应的实时通讯协议。为保证仿真的

逼真性，着重研究了如何保证通讯的实时性、可靠性这一关键技术，使系统具有效率高、工

作可靠、通用性强等特点。关键词：实时仿真；多机系统；协议；

差错控制；并行通讯

中图分类号：TN9193；TP31152

RealTime Communication of Multicomputer Systems in Radio Frequency Simulation

System

Li Jun

(China Aerospace Co. General Design Institute of the Third Research A

cademy Beijing,100074)

Zhu Gencai

(Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Na

njin

g University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanjing,210016)

Abstract Radio frequency simulation system(RFSS) is mainly used

to simulate echo signal of radio frequency target in laboratory. This paper re

alizes a kind of multicomputer realtime system applied to RFSS.

Ba

sed on the selfdeveloping asynchronous parallel communication card the system

, adopts a tree or hierarchical topology structure and develops a realtime com

munication protocol. This paper has paid attention to that technique is used to

mak

e the realtime and reliable communication available, so the system has the fea

tures of high efficiency, reliable operation and generality.

Key words: realtime simulation; multicomputer systems; protocol; error control

; parallel communication

　

　

　

　

反射式动栅光纤传感器及应用

孙 欣 赵志敏 马军艳

(南京航空航天大学理学院 南京，210016)

摘要 提出一种新型的光纤传感器——反射式动栅光纤传感器

。这种传感器是采用光纤作为传光元件，而敏感元件是一对等节距光栅，其中一块为定栅，

一块为动栅，当两光栅位置发生变化时，其光通量随之变化，再经光电转换系统转换信号后

以电信号输出的传感系统。该传感器结构简单，使用方便，可用于测量位移、应变及其它物

理量，尤其是在高温测量、连续变化量测量及实时监测等方面，更显示其优越性。文中给出

了这种传感器的理论分析，并以测位移为例，给出了实测结果。实验结果表明，理论分析与

实验结果相一致，并具有一定的测试灵敏度。

关键词：光纤；光检测技术；光栅；光纤传感器；光强

中图分类号：TN23247

Reflectively Moved Grating Optical Fiber Sensor and Its Application

Sun Xin Zhao Zhimin Ma Junyan

(College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanjing,2

10016)

Abstract Presents a new kind of optical fibre sensor

——moved grating fibre sensor, which uses optical fibres as lighttransmissio

n components and a couple of equidistant gratings——one is stable and the other

is movable——as sensitive components. When the two gratings′ location is chan

ging, the optical flux is changing too and the electric signals transferred by t

he photoelectric conversion system are exported. The sensor′s structu

re is simple and it is convenient to be used. It can be used for the measurement

of

displacement, strain and other physical quantities, especially for the highte

mperature measurement, continuously varied quantity measurement and realtime

detection. Theoretical analysis of the sensor is presented and th

e displacement is recorded with the sensor as an example. Results show that the

analysis is in

good agreement with the experiment and the sensor has certain test sensitivity.

　

Key words: optical fibres; optical measuring technique; optical grating; optical

fibre sensor; light intensity