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TRANSACTIONS OF NANJING UNIVERSITY OF AERONAUTICS

AND ASTRONAUTICS

Vol.16 No.2 Dec. 1999

CONTENTS

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

A New Control Method for Ultrasonic Motor Wei Shoushui, Zhao Xiangdong, Zhao Ch

unsheng(109)

On Hybrid Position/Force Coordinated Learning Control of Multiple Manipulators

Wang Congqing, Yin Chaowan(114)

A Control Strategy of Switched Reluctance Motor for Electric Vehicle Applicat

ion Dong Lei, Cao Zhiliang, Liu Diji(120)

Simulation Modeling for SoftSwitchingCombination DCDC Converter X

ing Yan, Yan Yangguang(125)

On Information Theory Method for Reliability Assessment of Systems Consi

sting ofDifferent SuccessFailure Model Units Sun Youchao, Shi Jun

(129)

ProcessDriven Analysis and Design of MIS Xia Hongshan, Xu Yuefang

(134)

A Fatigue Failure Criterion of Notched GFRP Laminates Xia Daojia, Xu Hu

imin(137)

Study on Cracked Plates with Bonded Patches under InPlane Biaxial Loadings

Xu Jianxin, Wei Zhiyi(141)

Relaxation Behaviour of GFRP Unidirectional Laminates Gu Yi(148)

Experimental Research on Slotted & Perforated Electroplated CBN Grinding Whee

l withRadial Jet Sun Fanghong, Chen Ming, Xu Hongjun, et al(154)

Research on Parametric Modeling System Based on Feature Liu Su, Qia

n Xiaofeng(160)

An Algorithm of Distance Calculation between a Bounding Sphere and a Bounding CS

G Primitive Tu Lizhong, Ji Ping, Zuo Dunwen, et al(165)

A Recursive Generative Approach in Optical Prism CAPP Wang Tongyue

, Xu Caiqian, Zeng Li, et al(170)

An Approach to C Software Reuse Based on Database Techniques Qin Xi

aolin, Lin Junhai(177)

Kirchhoff Formula with Line Integral Form and Its Applications Gu Chang

qing, Xu Jinping(183)

An Improved FOSM Method for Calculating Failure Probability of Welded Pipes

with Flaws Liu Min, Huo Lixing, Zhang Yufeng, et al(188)

RESEARCH BULLETINS

Extrapolation on RF Echo Data Based on AR Modeling Zhou Jianjiang,

Zhu Zhaoda, Su Yongze, et al(193)

Surface Roughness Evolution and Formability of InterstitialFree Sheet Stee

l to Grain Size and Sheet Thickness Gao Lin, Tong Guoquan,

Guo Yong(200)

Digital Filter for Single Frequency Sinusoid Series Liang Zhi

guo, Zhu Jijie(204)

ACADEMIC NOTES

Brief Introduction of Academician Tao Baoqi (Cover 2)

A Brief Introduction of Civil Aviation College of Nanjing University of Aeronau

tics and Astronautics (210)

5 Research Projects of NUAA Received the National Awards (176)

Subscribe Now to 2000 Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astr

onautics (TNUAA) (153)

Journal　ｏｆ　Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ　ｏｆ　Ａｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃ

ｓ　＆　Ａｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ (182)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT (211)

Ｔｒａｎｓａｃｔｉｏｎｓ　ｏｆ　Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ

　ｏｆ　Ａｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ　＆　Ａｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ， Contents of No.1~

2,1999

Journal　ｏｆ　Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ　ｏｆ　Ａｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃ

ｓ　＆　Ａｓｔｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓ (in Chinese), Contents of No.4~6,1999

南京航空航天大学学报(英 文)

1999年12月 第16卷第2期

目 次

理论与试验研究

一种新的超声马达控制方法 魏守水 赵向东 赵淳生(109)

多机械手混合位置/力协调学习控制的研究 王从庆 尹朝万(114)

用于电动车辆的开关磁阻电机控制策略研究 冬 雷 曹志亮 刘迪吉(120)

软开关组合式DCDC变换器的仿真建模 邢 岩 严仰光(125)

不同成败型单元组成系统可靠性近似限的信息论方法 孙有朝 施 军(129)

基于工作流驱动的MIS系统分析与设计 夏洪山 徐月芳(134)

一个玻璃纤维增强复合材料的缺口疲劳破坏准则 夏道家 徐惠民(137)

双向受载裂纹板的胶接修补效果分析 徐建新 魏志毅(141)

玻璃纤维树脂基复合材料单向板的应力松弛行为 顾 怡(148)

带径向射流的电镀CBN开槽砂轮实验研究 孙方宏 陈 明 徐鸿钧 等(154)

基于特征的参数化造型系统的研究 刘 苏 钱晓峰(160)

一种球与基本体素之间的距离计算方法 屠立忠 季 平 左敦稳 等(165)

递推创成式光学棱镜CAPP 汪通悦 徐才千 曾 励 等(170)

基于数据库技术Ｃ软件重用的方法 秦小麟 林钧海(177)

线积分形式的Kirchhoff公式及其应用 顾长青 徐金平(183)

一种新的含缺陷焊接管道失效概率计算FOSM方法 刘 敏 霍立兴 张玉凤 等(188)

研 究 简 报

基于AR模型的散射场数据外推 周建江 朱兆达 舒永泽 等(193)

晶粒尺寸和板厚对无间隙原子钢表面粗糙度和成形性的综合影响 高 霖 童国权 郭 勇(

200)

用于单频正弦波序列的数字滤波器 梁志国 朱济杰(204)

　

　

A NEW CONTROL METHOD FOR ULTRASONIC MOTOR

Wei Shoushui Zhao Xiangdong Zhao Chunsheng

(Research Center of Ultrasonic Motor，NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.

China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

A new method for the control of the speed of an ultrasonic motor and its impl

ementation are proposed. The method is merely used by detecting the time when

motor′s monitor signal reaches a nonzero reference value than a zero one, t

he

direction， in which the driving frequency of the motor should be shifted， can

be promptly calculated. With the aid of a CPU and the phaselocked frequency

doubl

ing technique, the motor can be steadily driven in a wide range of frequency and

the optimum frequency can be captured rapidly and precisely. Experiment shows t

hat the above method is available.

　

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: ultrasonic motor; computer control; piezoelectric actuator;

phaselocked loop; speedcontrol

一种新的超声马达控制方法

魏守水 赵向东 赵淳生

(南京航空航天大学超声电机研究中心 南京，210016)

摘要 提出一种新的超声电机稳速控制原理和实现方法。该

方法仅仅是检测反馈信号到达一个非零参考信号的时间而不是零参考值，即可以很快计算出

稳定马达速度所需驱动信号频率的改

变方向，借助于微机控制和锁相倍频技术, 实现了大的频率范围内快速准确地捕捉稳定工作

点。实验验证该方法是可行的。

关键词：超声马达；微机控制；压电振子；锁相环；速度控制

　

ON HYBRID POSITION/FORCE COORDINATED LEARNING CONTROL OF MULTIPLE MANIPULATOR

S

Wang Congqing

(Department of Automatic Control, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.Chin

a)

Yin Chaowan

(National Robotics Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110015, P.R

.China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

In this paper, coordinated control of multiple robot manipulators holding a rigi

d object is discussed

. In consideration of inaccuracy of the dynamic model of a multiple manipulator

system, the error equations on object position and internal force are derived.

Then a hybrid position/force coordinated learning control scheme is presented

and its convergence is proved. The scheme can improve the system performance

by modifying the control input of the system after each iterative learning. Simu

lation results of two planar robot manipulators holding an object show the effe

ctiveness of this control scheme.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: multiple manipulators; learning control; hybrid control; coo

rdinated control

多机械手混合位置/力协调学习控制的研究

王从庆

(南京航空航天大学自动控制系 南京，210016)

尹朝万

(中国科学院国家机器人学研究开放实验室 沈阳，110015)

摘要 研究了多机械手抓持一刚性物体的协调控制。考虑多机械手系统的动态模型不确定性

，导出了物体位置的误差方程和内力的误差方程，给出了多

机械手的混合位置/力协调学习控制策略，并对学习控制的收敛性进行了讨论。文中提出的

控制策略在每次迭代学习后，通过修正系统的控制输入来改善系统的性能。最后，通过两

个平面机械手抓持一物体的仿真实验证明了该方法的有效性。

关键词：多机械手；学习控制；混合控制；协调控制

　

　

　

A CONTROL STRATEGY OF SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE APPLICATI

ON

Dong Lei Cao Zhiliang Liu Diji

(Department of Automatic Control, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.Chin

a)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

A control strategy of switched reluctance motor (SRM)for electric vehicle applic

ations is proposed. I

n electric vehicle application, the switched reluctance motor is a good choice w

ith its flexible control method, compactness, robustness, high efficiency and hi

gh starting torque. In this paper, the control strategy of motoring and regenera

tive braking for electric vehicle application is presented. Computer simulations

are employed to analyze the steady state behavior of SRM propulsion system

. Experimental results in electric motorcycle are provided to demonstrate the va

lidity of SRM propulsion system.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: switched reluctance motors; electric vehicles; regenerative

braking; selftuning

用于电动车辆的开关磁阻电机控制策略研究

冬 雷 曹志亮 刘迪吉

(南京航空航天大学自动控制系 南京，210016）

摘要 提出了一种用于电动车辆的开关磁阻电机驱动系统的

控制策略。电动车辆的驱动系统中的开关磁阻电机具有控制灵活、结构简单、可靠性好、高

效率以及高起动转矩等特点。文中详细介绍了电动车辆用开关磁阻电机的电动模式和再生

制动模式下的控制方法，并对此进行了计算机仿真分析和试验研究。通过在电动摩托车上的

应用，证明了开关磁阻电机用作驱动系统具有较好的效果。

关键词：开关磁阻电机；电动车辆；再生制动；自调整

　

　

　

SIMULATION MODELING FOR SOFTSWITCHINGCOMBINATION DCDC CONVERTER

Xing Yan Yan Yangguang

(Department of Automatic Control,NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.China

)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

A frequencydomain m

odeling method is given for a softswitchingcombination DCDC converter work

ed in current controlled discrete pulse modulation mode. A equivalent model for

the currentloop as one forward component in the converter system is built up d

irectly at the first time. Using timedomain simulation and Fourier transform,

the method is helpful for system performance analysis and converter voltage reg

ulator design, and can be applied to softswitchingcombination inverter.

　

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: power converters; control; simulation; modeling

软开关组合式DCDC变换器的仿真建模

邢 岩 严仰光

(南京航空航天大学自动控制系 南京，210016）

摘要 针对电流控制离散脉冲调制方式下的软开关组合式DC

DC变换器, 研究了借助于时域仿真和付里叶变换建立系统频域模型的方法，首次把变换器

系统中的整个电流环路视为前向通道中的一个环节，直接建立其等效模型，为软开关组合式

变换器系统性能分析、电压调节器设计提供了一种方便可行的方法，建模方法也可推广用于

软开关组合式逆变器。

关键词：功率变换器；控制；仿真；建模

　

ON INFORMATION THEORY METHOD FOR RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF SYSTEMS CONSISTING O

F DIFFERENT SU

CCESSFAILURE MODEL UNITS

Sun Youchao

(Civil Aviation College, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.China)

Shi Jun

(Research Institute of Pilotless Aircraft, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016

,P.R.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

Using the characteristic of addition of information quantity and the principl

e of equivalence of information quantity, this paper derives the general convers

ion formulae of the formation theory method conversion (synthesis) on the sy

st

ems consisting of different successfailure model units. According to the funda

mental method of the unit reliability assessment, the general models of system r

eliability approximate lower limits are given. Finally, this paper analyses the

application of the assessment method by examples, the assessment results

are neither conservative nor radical and very satisfactory. The assessment metho

d can be popularized to the systems which have fixed reli

ability structural models.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: information theory; information quantity; successfailure m

odel units; reliability assessment; approximate lower limit

不同成败型单元组成系统可靠性近似限的信息论方法

孙有朝

（南京航空航天大学民航学院 南京,210016）

施 军

（南京航空航天大学无人机研究所 南京,210016）

摘要 系统可靠性多级综合评定问题是可靠性工程领域的重

大

课题，单元系统相邻两级的可靠性评定又是复杂系统可靠性多级综合评定的关键。文中引

入信息理论，利用信息量的可加性特性及信息量等效的原则进行试验信息的折合，导出了不

同成败型单元组成系统时单元试验数据信息论方法等效折合的通用公式；根据单元可靠性评

定的基本原理，提出了系统可靠性信息论方法近似下限的基本模型；最后，通过实例说明了

系统可靠性信息论方法评定的具体应用，其结果相当令人满意。

关键词：信息论；信息量；成败型单元；可靠性评定；近似限

　

PROCESSDRIVEN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MIS

Xia Hongshan Xu Yuefang

(Civil Aviation College, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

This paper presents t

he methodology of processdriven analysis to eliminate the redundant informatio

n conducted from homogeneous procedures in management system. Process flow is em

phasized and events triggered by process based states are described.

　

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: process flow; information flow; data flow; management

基于工作流驱动的MIS系统分析与设计

夏洪山 徐月芳

(南京航空航天大学民航学院 南京，210016)

摘要 消除源于同类信息流的冗余数据是管理信息系统分析

与设计过程中保障数据一致性的重要任务。基于工作流的分析方法，不仅能够精简管理程序

，而且从根本上消除了同类信息流的产生，同时简化了ER模型设计过程。采用基于工作流

的状态驱动事件处理，对实现结构化MIS系统更为有效。

关键词：工作流；信息流；数据流；管理

　

　

A FATIGUE FAILURE CRITERION OF NOTCHED GFRP LAMINATES

Xia Daojia Xu Huimin

(Department of Aircraft Engineering, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, P. R

. China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

A fatigue failure criterion for predicting the fatigue life of notched orthotrop

ic fiberreinforced

plasties (FRP) plates based on the concept of stress field intensity (SFI) near

the notch root is subjected to further experiments. The investigation is accomp

lished by obtaining experimental data on the notched specimens of glass fiberr

einforced plastics (GFRP) with edged notches under tensiontension cyclic loadi

ng. The process of initiation and growth of fatigue damage near the notch root i

s measured by means of the optic system with a computer controlled display (CCD)

camera. The experimental resu

lts show that the number of loading cycles required to initiate fatigue damage i

s governed by the stress field intensity.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: fatigue damage；glass fiberreinforced plastics laminates；

notched specimens；stress field intensity

　

一个玻璃纤维增强复合材料的缺口疲劳破坏准则

夏道家 徐惠民

（南京航空航天大学飞行器系 南京，210016）

摘要 基于应力场强度方法，提出了一个预测正交各向异性

复合材料缺口试验件疲劳损伤起始的准则。文中共做了六种玻璃纤维复合材料缺口试验件和

一种光滑试验件疲劳试验，缺口附近的疲劳损伤区用数字照相机记录，损伤区的形状和应力

场强法模型假定的破坏区十分接近，实验结果表明：应力场强法能够很好地预测正交各向异

性缺口层合板的疲劳破坏。

关键词：疲劳损伤；玻璃纤维层合板；缺口试验件；应力场强法

　

　

STUDY ON CRACKED PLATES WITH BONDED PATCHES UNDER INPLANE BIAXIAL LOADINGS

Xu Jianxin

(Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Civil Aviation Institute

of China, Tianjin 300300,P.R.China)

Wei Zhiyi

(Department of Aircraft Engineering, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.C

hina)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

Based on the finite element method, a numerical investigation into the

bonded repair efficiency of cracked plates under inplane biaxial loadings is p

resented. The main considerations are: reduction in stress intensity factor (

SIF) at the crack tip, the maximum tensile stress in the composite patch and the

maximum shear stress in the adhesive bond between the patch and the plate. With

out the patch, a tensile or compressive stress parallel to the crack has no effe

ct on the SIF at the crack tip. While with a composite patch, there exists coupl

ing effect between the normal stress parallel to the crack and the SIF, a

nd the coupling effect depends significantly on ply orientation of the patch and

the biaxial stress ratio of the plate.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: composite patch; crack; stress intensity factor; stress rati

o

双向受载裂纹板的胶接修补效果分析

徐建新

(中国民用航空学院机电系 天津，300300)

魏志毅

(南京航空航天大学飞行器系 南京，210016)

摘要 运用有限元方法，分析了双向受载裂纹板胶接复合材

料补片后，裂纹尖端的应力强度因子、补片内的最大拉伸应力和胶层内的最大剪切应力。没

有补片时，平行于裂纹方向的拉压应力对裂纹尖端的应力强度因子没有影响。而裂纹板经

复合材料补片胶接修补后，平行于裂纹方向的拉压应力对裂纹尖端的应力强度因子具有耦合

效应，并且这种耦合效应的大小与补片的铺层含量有很大的关系。

关键词：复合材料补片；裂纹；应力强度因子；应力比

　

RELAXATION BEHAVIOUR OF GFRP UNIDIRECTIONAL LAMINATES

Gu Yi

(Civil Aviation College, NUAA 29 Yudao Stree

t, Nanjing 210016,P.R.China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

In this paper two set

of GFRP specimens are manufactured and tested to investigate the relaxation beh

aviour under cyclic loading in the longitudinal and transversel direction. The

relaxation of GFRP unidirectional laminates is evident for both cyclic loadings.

Under longitudinal cyclic loading the relaxation is dependent on the number of

loading cycles. Under transverse loading the relaxation depends on the loading

cycles as well as the time of loading. Two expressions are set up to describe

the relaxation for the longitudinal and transverse loading, and the predictions

agree well with the experimental data.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: GFRP; relaxation; fatigue; unidirectional laminate

玻璃纤维树脂基复合材料单向板的应力松弛行为

顾 怡

(南京航空航天大学民航学院 南京，210016)

摘要 研究了在常幅疲劳载荷作用下玻璃纤维树脂基复合材

料单向板的纵向和横向应力松弛行为。实验结果表明：玻璃纤维树脂基复合材料的纵向和横

向应力松弛是十分明显的。纵向应力松弛主要取决于载荷的循环次数，而横向应力松弛还取

决于加载时间。文中提出了描述纵向和横向应力松弛行为的两个表达式，它们与实验结果吻

合很好。

关键词：玻璃纤维树脂基复合材料；应力松弛；疲劳；单向层合板

　

　

　

　

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON SLOTTED & PERFORATED ELECTROPLATED CBN GRINDING WHEEL

WITH RADIAL JET

Sun Fanghong Chen Ming

(School of Mechanical Engineering, Shangha

i Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030,P.R.China)

Xu Hongjun Fu Yucan

(Department of Mechanical Engineering,NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.

China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

A creative conception is proposed to enhance heat transfer in grinding contact z

one through jet impinging on the basis of analysis on the mechanism of burn duri

ng creep feed grinding, and a new apparatus of slotted & perforated electroplate

d CBN grinding wheel with radial jet is developed, the effect on heat transfer i

s studied through the experiment of intermitted creep feed grinding. Experimenta

l results show that the technology of enhancing heat transfer through jet imping

ing is valid to raise the efficiency of heat transfer in grinding contact zone a

nd it is widely applied to solve the problem in grinding burn for difficultto

machine materials.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: CBN grinding wheel; intermittent creep feed grinding; enhanc

ing heat transfer; jet impinging

　

带径向射流的电镀CBN开槽砂轮实验研究

孙方宏 陈 明

（上海交通大学机械工程学院 上海，200030）

徐鸿钧 傅玉灿

（南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016）

摘要 在对缓进给磨削时烧伤机理的分析基础上，提出了高

压射流冲击强化磨削弧区换热的创新构想，研制了带径向射流的CBN开槽砂轮试验装置，并

通过缓进给断续磨削时采用径向射流冲击弧区的磨削实验研究其换热效果。实验结果表明，

射流冲击强化换热技术确是提高弧区换热效率的有效方法，将在解决难加工材料磨削烧伤方

面具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：CBN砂轮；断续缓进给磨削；强化换热；射流冲击

　

RESEARCH ON PARAMETRIC MODELING SYSTEM BASED ON FEATURE

Liu Su Qian Xiaofeng

　

(Department of Mechanical Engineering，NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R

.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

Feature modeling is the key to the realization of CAD/CAPP/CAM and the informati

on integration of concurrent engineering. This paper describes the method

for the advanced development of the parametric modeling system based on features

by using IDEAS 5 system. It elaborates the modeling technique based on

the features and generates the product information models based on the features

providing abundant information for the process of the ensuing applications. The

development of the feature modeling system on the commercial CAD software platf

orm can take a great advantage of the solid modeling resources of the existing s

oftware, save the input of funds and shorten the development cycles of the new s

ystems.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: features; feature modeling; modeling system

基于特征的参数化造型系统的研究

刘 苏 钱晓峰

(南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016)

摘要 特征造型是实现CAD/CAPP/CAM以及并行工程中信息集

成的核心技术。文中介绍了在IDEAS 5 系统上二次开发基于特征的参数化造型系统的方法

,详细阐述了基于特征的造型技术,生成以特征为基础的产品信息模型,为后续应用过程提供

了丰富的信息。在商用CAD软件上开发特征造型系统,可以充分利用现有软件的实体造型资源

,节省资金投入,缩短新系统的开发周期。

关键词：特征; 特征造型;造型系统

　

　

　

　

AN ALGORITHM OF DISTANCE CALCULATION BETWEEN A BOUNDING SPHERE AND A BOUNDING C

SG PRIMITIVE

Tu Lizhong１ Ji Ping2 Zuo Dunwen1 Wang Min1

(1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, NUAA

29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China)

(2 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

A simple method for calculating distance between a solid sphere and a constr

uctive solid geometry (CSG) solid primitive (including block, cone, cylinder,

sp

here, wedge and torus) is derived to support the collision detection algorithm.

By decomposing the whole space into relative positions and geometric featu

res of the sphere and the primitive considered, closed form distance formula are

got. These calculations are very useful in the real time collision detection

in which primitives are used as bounding volumes of complex objects.

　

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: distance calculation; collision detection; real time; constr

uctive solid geometry (CSG); virtual reality

一种球与基本体素之间的距离计算方法

屠立忠1 季 平2 左敦稳1 王 珉1

(1　南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016)

(2　香港理工大学制造工程系，香港，九龙，红)

摘要 从几何方法上介绍了一种支持干涉检测的计算球

和包括长方体、锥体、柱体、楔和圆环在内的基本体素之间距离计算方法。根据球及其他几

体体素的外形特点和它们的相对位置将空间分成几个区域，推导出了一系列距离计算公式，

并给出了实例及计算结果。这种距离计算方法对由基本体素构成的复杂外形之间的干涉检测

非常简单实用，可以应用于虚拟现实系统的研究和开发之中。

关键词：距离计算；干涉检测；实时；基本体素；虚拟现实

　

　

A RECURSIVE GENERATIVE APPROACH IN OPTICAL PRISM CAPP

Wang Tongyue Xu Caiqian

(Department of Mechanical Engineering, Huaiyin Industry College,89 Beijing Road

,Huaiyin 223001,P.R.China)

Zeng Li Huang Minshuang

(Department of Mechanical Engineering, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R

.China)

Chen Jin

(School of Manufacturing Engineering, Nanjing Universi

ty of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094,P.R.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

In this paper, the ge

nerative approach utilizes recursion to generate process sequence for a part, an

d then match detail procedure design and select process equipment. A set of recu

rsive formulas are found. Finally a complete process program is produced. The

m

ethod is simple than that of the knowledge system, the artificial neural network

s and varia

nt approach computer aided process planning(VACAPP).

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: optical prism; computer aided process planning; generative m

ethods

递推创成式光学棱镜CAPP

汪通悦 徐才千

（淮阴工业专科学校机械工程系 淮阴，223001）

曾 励 黄民双

(南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016)

陈 进

(南京理工大学制造工程学院 南京，210094)

摘要 介绍了利用递推法产生零件工艺路线、工序设计和工

艺设备选取的创成式计算机辅助工艺计划(CAPP)，建立了一套递推公式，生成了一条完整的

工艺程序。该方法比专家系统、人工神经网络和派生式CAPP更简便。

关键词：光学棱镜；计算机辅助工艺计划；创成法

　

　

　

AN APPROACH TO C SOFTWARE REUSE BASED ON DATABASE TECHNIQUES

Qin Xiaolin Lin Junhai

(Department of Computer Science and Engineering， NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing

210016,P.R.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

This paper presents a tool for managing, reusing and analysing C software code b

ased on database techniques. The abstract information of entire software code i

s stored in a program database that is the conceptual scheme of the entire softw

are, whereas the reuse component is a subscheme. Relational algebra can be conve

niently used to manage, analyse and reuse C code. In the tool, we can manage, a

nalyse and reuse any components in the program database and rapidly extract sour

ce code of any components or construct the program code of a new system. The rul

e system is introduced in reusing source code.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: software reuse; program database； software reengineering

基于数据库技术Ｃ软件重用的方法

秦小麟 林钧海

（南京航空航天大学计算机科学与工程系 南京，210016）

摘要 介绍了一个基于数据库技术的管理、重用和分析C源代

码的工具。整个软件源代码的抽象信息存入程序数据库中，相当于软件的概念模式，重用构

件相当于子模式。借助于关系代数可方便地对源代码进行有效的管理、分析与重用。在该工

具下，可以管理、分析与重用程序数据库中的任何构件，也可以快速提取程序数据库中的任

一构件或生成新系统的源代码。并且在重用源代码过程中引人了规则系统。

关键词：软件重用；程序数据库；软件再次工程

　

　

　

KIRCHHOFF FORMULA WITH LINE INTEGRAL FORM AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Gu Changqing Xu Jinping

(Department of Electronic Engineering, NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, P.

R.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

In this paper, Kirchhoff formula has been transformed from surface integral

form into a line integral form. The new form of the formula can be applied to se

parate geometrical optical field from diffraction field, and reduce the time of

numerical computation greatly. Based on the new form, an analytical formula of d

iffraction field in the far zone has been presented for the polygonal aperture i

lluminated by a uniform plane wave.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: wave propagation; diffraction; integrals of Cauchy type; Kir

chhoff formula; line

integral

线积分形式的Kirchhoff公式及其应用

顾长青 徐金平

（南京航空航天大学电子工程系 南京，210016）

摘要 将经典的面积分形式的Kirchhoff公式转换为线积

分形式。它不但能实现几何光学场和绕射场的分离，而且可大大减少数值计算时间。在此基

础上，导出了均匀平面电磁波照射多边形口面时远区绕射场的解析公式。

关键词：波传播;绕射;柯西型积分;Kirchhoff公式;线积分

　

　

AN IMPROVED FOSM METHOD FOR CALCULATING FAILURE PROBABILITY OF WELDED PIPES WIT

H FLAWS

Liu Min

(Department of Power Engineering,NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.China

)

Huo Lixing Zhang Yufeng

(School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,P.R.China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

The RF firstorder

secondmoment method will produce more error for calculating the reliability

of welded engineering pipe structures when the failure function is seriously non

linear and the random variables don′t serve as normal distribution. In order

to increase the computing accuracy of reliability, an improved FOSM method is us

ed for calculating the failure probability of welded pipes with flaws in this pa

per. Because of solving the problems of the linear expansion of failure function

at the failure point and constructing equivalent normal variables, the new algo

rithm can greatly improve the calculating accuracy of probability of the welded

pipes with cracks. The examples show that this method is simple, efficient and a

ccurate for reliability safety assessment of the welded pipes with cracks. It ca

n save m

ore time than the Monte Carlo method does, so that the improved FOSM method is r

ecommended for engineering reliability safety assessment of the welded pipes wit

h flaws.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: welded structure; failure probability; flaws; pipes; first

ordersecondmoment

一种新的含缺陷焊接管道失效概率计算FOSM方法

刘 敏

(南京航空航天大学动力工程系 南京，210016)

霍立兴 张玉凤

(天津大学机械学院 天津，300072)

摘要 在对工程焊接管道结构的缺陷进行可靠性安全评定工

作中，如果失效函数的非线性程度较严重和随机变量不服从正态分布，利用RF一次二阶矩

（FOSM）方法计算结构的可靠度会带来较大的计算误差。本文将改善FOSM方法用于含缺陷焊

接管道的失效概率计算。由于该方法合理解决非线性失效函数在失效点的线性展开及非正态

随机变量的当量正态化，使焊接管道失效概率的计算精度大大提高。实际算例表明，该方法

用于含缺陷焊接管道可靠性安全评定简单、有效、准确。与Monte Carlo计算方法相比，其

可大大降低计算量，被推荐为含缺陷工程焊接管道结构的可靠性安全评定方法。

关键词：焊接结构；失效概率；缺陷；管道；一次二阶矩

　

EXTRAPOLATION OF RF ECHO DATA BASED ON AR MODELING

Zhou Jianjiang Zhu Zhaoda Shu Yongze Cai Qian

(Department of Electronic Engineering，NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R

.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

Autoregressive (AR) modeling is applied to data extrapolation of radio frequency

(RF) echo signals, a

nd Burg algorithm, which can be computed in small amount and lead to a stable pr

ediction filter, is used to estimate the prediction parameters of AR modeling. T

he

complex data samples are directly extrapolated to obtain the extrapolated echo d

ata in the frequency domain. The small rotating angle data extrapolation and the

large rotating angular data extrapolation are considered separately in azimuth

domain

. The method of data extrapolation for the small rotating angle is the same as t

hat in frequency domain, while the amplitude samples of large rotating angle ech

o data are extrapolated to obtain extrapolated echo amplitude, and the complex d

ata of large rotating angle echo samples are extrapolated to get the extrapolate

d echo phase respectively. The calculation results show that the extrapolated ec

ho data obtained by the above mentioned methods are accurate.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: spectral estimation; data extrapolation; electromagnetic sca

ttering; RF simulation; ISAR imaging

基于AR模型的散射场数据外推

周建江 朱兆达 舒永泽 蔡 倩

(南京航空航天大学电子工程系 南京，210016)

摘要 用自回归（AR）模型对散射场数据进行外推，并用计算量小、可获得稳定预测滤波器

的伯格（Burg）算法估计AR模型

的预测参数。对于频域，直接对散射场回波复数据进行外推，可获得外推散射场。对于方位

域，分两种情况：在小转角条件下，用与频域相同的方法获得外推散射场；在大转角条件下

，用散射场回波数据的幅度进行外推，获得外推散射场的幅度，用散射场回波复数据进行外

推，再提取外推散射场的相位。算例结果表明，用本文的外推方法，取得了较好的外推效果

，且预测误差小。

关键词：谱估计；数据外推；电磁散射；射频仿真；ISAR成像

　

　

SURFACE ROUGHNESS EVOLUTION AND FORMABILITY OF INTERSTITIALFREE SHEET STE

EL TO GRAIN SIZE AND SHEET THICKNESS

Gao Lin Tong Guoquan Guo Yong

(Department of Mechanical Engineering,NUAA 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016,P.R.

China)

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

Experimental study has been conducted for an interstitialfree(IF) sheet steel

on its surface roughness evolution and formability with respect to grain size an

d sheet thickness effect. The surface roughness of IF sheet st

eel is proportional to effective strain, grain size and inversely proportional

to sheet thickness; the larger grain reduces the formability by accelerating th

e surface roughening rate and enhance formability by raising the workhardening r

ate, while the latter effect plays the dominate role. The grain size ef

fect on surface roughening and formability is more obvious when the sheets are t

hinner.

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: surface roughness; plasticity; grain size; formability

晶粒尺寸和板厚对无间隙原子钢表面粗糙度和成形性的综合影响

高 霖 童国权 郭 勇

（南京航空航天大学机电工程学院 南京，210016）

摘要 研究了晶粒尺寸和板料厚度对无间隙原子钢板表面粗糙度和单拉成形性能的综合影响

，发现IF钢在变形时表面粗糙度的

演化与晶粒尺寸和等效应变成正比，与板厚成反比；晶粒尺寸的增加对成形性有着双重影响

：一方面它通过增加变形过程中表面粗糙化速率来降低成形性，另一方面又通过提高加工硬

化指数来增加抵抗变形失稳的能力，但后者作用占主导地位。在板厚较小时，晶粒尺寸对粗

糙度和成形性的影响更为明显。

关键词：表面粗糙度；塑性；晶粒尺寸；成形性

　

　

　

DIGITAL FILTER FOR SINGLE FREQUENCY SINUSOID SERIES

Liang Zhiguo

(Changcheng Institute of Metrology & Measurement P.O. Box 1066, Beijing 100095,

P.R.China)

Zhu Jijie

(Air Traffic Management Bureau, CAAC P.O. Box 2272, Beijing 100021, P.R.China)

　

ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ

The sinusoid curvefit is widely applied in the evaluation of digitized measure

ment equipment, such as

data acquisition system, digital storage oscilloscope, waveform recorder and A/

D converter,etc. Because of the distortion and noise of sinusoid signal generato

r, the digitizing and the nonlinearity errors in measurement, it is imp

ossible to avoid the distortion and the noise in sinusoid sampling series. The d

istortion and the noise limit the accuracy of curvefit results. Therefore, it

is desirable to find a filter that can filter out both distortion and noise of t

he sinusoid sampling series, and in the meantime, the filter doesn′t influence

the amplitude, the frequency, the phase and DC bias of fitting curve of the sine

wave. A

nd then, the uncertainty of fitting parameter can be reduced. This filter is des

igned and realized. Its realization in time domain is described and its tr

ansfer function in frequency domain is presented.

　

Ｋｅｙ　ｗｏｒｄｓ: sine waves; digital filtering methods; distortion; noise; sa

mpling

用于单频正弦波序列的数字滤波器

梁志国

(长城计量测试技术研究所 北京，100095)

朱济杰

(中国民航总局空中交通管理局 北京，100021)

摘要 正弦波曲线拟合被广泛应用于数据采集系统、数字存储示波器、波形记录仪以及A/D

变换器等数字化测量设备的性能评价中。由于正弦波信号

源的谐波失真和噪声失真、被评价设备的量化误差、非线性误差等的存在，完全避免谐波

失真和噪声失真在测量取样序列中的出现是不可能的，这些谐波失真和噪声失真限制了拟合

结果的准确度。因此，有必要寻找出一种滤波器以滤除采样序列中的谐波失真和噪声失真，

同时尽可能不对拟合参数带来不良影响，以减小拟合参数的不确定度。本文设计和实

现了该滤波器。文中叙述了其时域实现方法，同时给出了其频域的传递函数表达式。

关键词：正弦波；数字滤波方法；失真；噪声；采样.